/Early-Blight-Tomato-56a348bf5f9b58b7d0d147e4.jpg "early blight tomato container")
Solanaceous weeds can often live through the winter as well, and harbor fungi that can infect your tomato plants as soon as conditions are favorable. The pathogen cannot overwinter in the soil by itself – it requires plant debris to do so. These include garden crops such as potatoes and eggplant as well as common weeds like nightshade, jimsonweed, horse nettle, and smooth ground cherry. There, they are able to produce even more spores that can infect tomato plants.
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However, the spores cannot infect the plants unless free moisture is available, so infections are more likely on rainy days or in areas with long-lasting dew.Ī number of plants in the nightshade family are vulnerable to infection by this pathogen and serve as potential hosts. The fungus can produce more spores within 10 to 13 days. The spores can germinate within 48 hours, leaf spots can develop in as little as five days, and pycnidia appear within seven to 10 days. If conditions are moist and favorable, your plants can be fully infected within two weeks. Photo by Dr Parthasarathy Seethapathy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,, via CC BY-SA. Splashing water is a common way for these spores to spread, but tools, insects like beetles, and even your hands and clothes can spread them. In temperatures ranging from 59 to 80☏, the pycnidia exude numerous spores. Learn more about early blight in this guide. The lesions caused by Septoria lack the classic bullseye that is found in early blight lesions.
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How to Tell Septoria Leaf Blight from Early BlightĪside from the fact that early blight usually strikes early in the season, there are two key ways to determine whether or not an infection is caused by the fungus Septoria lycopersici.Įarly blight lesions will not have visible pycnidia in them, so if you see the black spots, it is likely that your tomato plants are infected with Septoria. Sometimes the number of leaves lost is so high that the fruit may be scalded by the sun. Splashing water can cause the disease to spread upwards to the youngest leaves and infect them. Leaves that are heavily infected will turn yellow before drying up and dropping off. This fungus rarely infects the fruit, which remain edible, although it can cause spots on the stems, blossoms, and calyxes. These pycnidia are the fruiting bodies of the fungi that produce the spores, and they are visible to the naked eye. Mature lesions will have a lot of dark brown structures in their centers that look like flecks of black pepper. The lesions may merge together into larger spots as they mature. These spots will have a dark brown margin and gray or tan centers. If infected, the undersides of the leaves will have many small, water-soaked spots that are about 1/16 to 1/8 of an inch in diameter. Photo by Paul Bachi, University of Kentucky Research and Education Center,, via CC BY-SA. Small spots on the lower leaves of your tomato plants will be the first indication that they are infected with this fungus.
Take Action Quickly If You See These Spots.How to Tell Septoria Leaf Blight from Early Blight.
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